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~ a celebration of nature

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Category Archives: winter

Fungi: Black bulgar

24 Friday Oct 2025

Posted by sconzani in autumn, fungi, winter

≈ 7 Comments

Tags

autumn fungi, Black bulgar, British fungi, Bulgaria inquinans, winter fungi

I went looking for Fly agaric, the mushroom everyone recognises but which is surprisingly uncommon where I live; I found none but, almost immediately on arrival at north Cardiff’s Cefn Onn Park, I did spot this large log covered in small black button-like fungi.

These are the fruit of the fungus Black bulgar (Bulgaria inquinans), also known as Rubber buttons and Bachelor’s buttons. According to the First Nature website, they are known as Black Jelly Drops or Poor Man’s Licorice in the United States, though the site also cautions readers not to be fooled by those names – these fungi are not edible and may, indeed, be toxic.

As you can see in the photo above, the fruit bodies look a bit like short tacks; they start out flat on top but come to resemble little cups. The outer surface is, initially, brown and scaly looking but, as they age, they become black, blobby when wet, but tougher and rubbery when dry. Black bulgar is described as common, and can be seen, mostly on fallen Oaks but also on a few other tree species, from autumn through to spring.

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Hoovering Shelduck

25 Tuesday Feb 2025

Posted by sconzani in birds, winter

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Tags

birding, birdwatching, British birds, feeding Shelducks, Shelduck, Shelducks feeding

According to a research report* published on the British Trust for Ornithology’s website, the Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) was ‘one of the most common waterbird species at Cardiff Bay prior to barrage-closure’. When the report was written, in 2003, Shelduck were still using the Bay as a roosting site between tides, albeit in small numbers. Twenty-two years later, the Bay has become so overwhelmed by human water traffic (jetboats, speedboats, water taxis, yachts, kayakers, paddleboarders) that it is rare to see Shelduck within the Bay itself.

Fortunately, there are still reasonably untouched areas of mudflat along the coast between Cardiff and Newport, and Bridgwater Bay, a National Nature Reserve renowned for its population of Shelducks, is a relatively short flight across the Bristol Channel from Cardiff Bay. So, the birds can often be seen, at a distance, feeding on the tidal mudflats outside the Barrage at low tide. And, occasionally, as happened one day last week, a pair will arrive early and wait for the lowering tide along the beach below Penarth Heads or, in this case, in the Barrage basin. This is the only time I get to see these beautiful birds up close so I sat on a rock and watched and, as the mud was exposed, took this short video of them hoovering and filtering the mud for tiny invertebrates.

* S. J. Holloway, N. A. Clark & N. H. K. Burton, ‘The Numbers and Status of Waterbirds using Cardiff Bay from 1999/2000 to 2002/2003‘, BTO Research Report No.319, The National Centre for Ornithology, Norfolk, July 2003.

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Winter 9 plus

23 Sunday Feb 2025

Posted by sconzani in flowers, wildflowers, winter

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Tags

British wildflowers, wildflowers in bloom, winter wildflowers

As poet Robbie Burns wrote ‘The best laid schemes … gang aft agley’, and such was my experience this week. I’d planned to go for a long walk today to search out as many wildflowers in bloom as I could but the weather has intervened, with forecast strong wind and heavy rain warnings. So, here are nine flowers I grabbed in a short walk yesterday, though I didn’t photograph all I saw. I know, for example, that Petty spurge, Groundsel, one of the bittercresses, Snow drops and Three-cornered leek, as well as Ivy-leaved toadflax, were among those I missed. Still, it was nice to see my first Sweet violets of the year and a little Red dead-nettle, and there’s always next Sunday …

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Male Bullfinches

20 Thursday Feb 2025

Posted by sconzani in birds, winter

≈ 2 Comments

Tags

birding, birdwatching, British birds, bullfinch, Forest Farm Nature Reserve, male Bullfinch

For me the male Bullfinch, with his glorious apricot breast feathers, is the most exotic-looking of Britain’s birds. He looks like he belongs in a tropical rain forest, not in the sub-zero temperatures of a British winter. These two particularly handsome chaps were busily nibbling the new buds from the trees at Forest Farm Nature Reserve earlier this week, which is why these birds are never much liked by orchardists.

There were female Bullfinches about as well, though, for some reason, they tended to be skulking in the furthest reaches of the branches, out of this photographer’s lens range. Perhaps it’s just that male birds in general like to advertise their presence more as we approach spring and the breeding season.

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Leaf skeletons

16 Sunday Feb 2025

Posted by sconzani in leaves, winter

≈ 4 Comments

Tags

Holly leaf skeleton, leaf skeleton, leaves, skeleton leaves

I googled ‘leaf skeletons’ and found links to blogs and videos on how to make leaf skeletons, and advertisements for various websites selling skeletons, from locations as distant as Thailand, to be used in art projects and journals.

I found this depressing! Where are the expressions of joy at finding a skeleton when you’re out for a walk, a skeleton that has been produced by natural methods, a combination of weather, perhaps a muddy surface, insect feeding, the natural process of rotting and deterioration? I liken leaf skeletons to feathers, small natural gifts that brighten a walk in dull grey winter weather and always bring a smile.

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Harlequins everywhere

11 Tuesday Feb 2025

Posted by sconzani in insects, ladybird, winter

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Tags

British ladybirds, Harlequin, harlequin ladybird, invasive insects, invasive ladybird

I admit to feeling a few pangs of envy when, a couple of days ago, one of the entomologists I follow on social media posted photos of the eleventh species of ladybird they’d sighted this year. I’ve never seen 11 ladybird species in my entire life (my total is 8), let alone in the middle of winter. [Note to self: must try harder!]

Meanwhile, in the local park (and, yes, many are on the railings), apart from a single 7-spot ladybird, the population seems overwhelmingly to be comprised of Harlequin ladybirds, those invasive interlopers that originally lived in Asia but have become one of the most invasive insect species in the world, according to the Buglife website.

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Greeting the vernal sun

09 Sunday Feb 2025

Posted by sconzani in flowers, spring, wildflowers, winter

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Tags

British wildflowers, crocus, Crocuses, Spring colour, Spring crocuses, spring flowers

Though a tremor of the winter
Did shivering through them run;
Yet they lifted up their foreheads
To greet the vernal sun.

And the sunbeams gave them welcome,
As did the morning air—
And scattered o’er their simple robes
Rich tints of beauty rare.

Soon a host of lovely flowers
From vales and woodland burst;
But in all that fair procession
The crocuses were first.

First to weave for Earth a chaplet
To crown her dear old head;
And to beauty the pathway
Where winter still did tread.

~ four verses from the poem ‘The Crocuses’ by Frances Ellen Watkins Harper (1825-1911)

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My latest bogey bird

08 Saturday Feb 2025

Posted by sconzani in birds, winter

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Tags

birding, birdwatching, British birds, British gulls, Cardiff Bay birding, Larus michahellis, Yellow-legged gull

The Water rail used to be my bogey bird but, once my sightings of that beautiful skulker increased, the bogey bird title passed to the Yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis). I’ve continued to look for one, several times thought I’ve found one, only to work out for myself or be told by birders more skilled than me that I’ve been wrong.

That same thing happened with this bird: when I posted photos online, no one stepped up to proffer an opinion and the one birder who was prompted by someone else to give his judgment decided it wasn’t a Yellow-legged gull.

So, you can imagine how very delighted I was when I received a message from our county bird recorder that he was happy to accept it as a Yellow-leg. As he wrote, the bird shows: ‘uppers mid grey (darker than Herring [gull], paler than LBBG [Lesser black-backed gull]), large size, and [in this case, quite pale] yellow legs all consistent.’ And those features are precisely why these birds can be tricky to identify – unless you have all three gull species standing side by side, the colour ‘mid-grey’ can be difficult to determine, as can the gull’s size. I was fortunate than my Yellow-legged gull was standing next to a Lesser black-backed gull as that made the comparison a little easier. Now to find another!

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A Jay day

05 Wednesday Feb 2025

Posted by sconzani in birds, winter

≈ 4 Comments

Tags

birding, birdwatching, British birds, Garrulus glandarius, Jay

I was going to write about a different bird today but during this morning’s walk in central Cardiff I was approached by a young man who, on seeing me staring at a bush, camera in hand, very politely asked if I might know the name of the bird he’d just seen.

‘It was a bronzey pink with fluorescent blue in its wings. It looked amazing!’ The mention of bronze confused me but, when, together, we retraced his steps and spotted the bird, it was, as I’m sure you’ve already guessed, a Jay.

He had never seen one before, which surprised me, but we had a lovely conversation and I know he will be looking for more Jays during his daily walks from the student halls to the university buildings and back. And that makes me very happy!

Jays have proved very frequent, more confiding and visible during our recent cold weather, a treat I’ve thoroughly enjoyed and taken advantage of with my camera, so the photos here were taken over several days.

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First hoverflies

04 Tuesday Feb 2025

Posted by sconzani in insects, winter

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Tags

British hoverflies, Episyrphus balteatus, first hoverflies, hoverfly, Marmalade hoverfly, Meliscaeva auricollis, winter hoverflies

When the sun comes out, so do the insects, and, during last Friday’s walk along the coastal path, after failing to find the birds I was hoping for, I was very pleased to spot my first two hoverflies of the year basking on ivy leaves in the weak sunshine.

I wasn’t surprised that the first I saw was this Marmalade hoverfly (Episyrphus balteatus), as it’s the most common hoverfly in Britain, and, though adults are known to hibernate, they will emerge on warmer winter days.

This second hoverfly is Meliscaeva auricollis, a species that’s one of the first to emerge in the spring and then has a very long flight period, though its numbers are greatest towards the end of summer.

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sconzani

sconzani

I'm a writer and photographer; researcher and blogger; birder and nature lover; countryside rambler and city strider; volunteer and biodiversity recorder.

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