Lifer: Willow emerald damselfly

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As I mentioned in yesterday’s blog, on Monday I took the train to north Cardiff in search of a special creature, and it seems effort and patience do have their rewards, as I finally found my first ever Willow emerald damselfly (Chalcolestes viridis). Why did I mention effort and patience? Well, this was the fourth time I’d gone searching. The first time involved a two-hour three-train trip to Yate, in south Gloucestershire, because the few sites for this damselfly in south Wales were inaccessible to me as a non-driver. Unfortunately, despite help from a local expert who’d seen as many as ten the previous day, we couldn’t find any Willow emeralds at the only site in Yate. Fortunately, just a few days after that trip, a couple of people found these damselflies for the first time at two locations in north Cardiff. Unfortunately, despite a couple of hours looking each time, my first two searches around Roath Park Lake didn’t produce any Willow emeralds. Fortunately, this past Monday my perseverance paid off and I finally found a single specimen, though, unfortunately, it was high up on the shady side of an Alder tree and disappeared almost immediately after I got the very poor photograph shown here.

Just for some background, the Willow emerald damselfly, also known as the Western willow spreadwing due to its habit of perching with wings outspread, only arrived in Britain in 2009. Since then it has colonised suitable habitat as far north as Yorkshire and, in August 2025, the first specimens were found in Wales (the report of the first sighting, found and written by Monmouthshire county recorder Steve Preddy, is an interesting read). I’m going to keep searching for more of these beauties as I want to learn more about this damselfly’s habits, and to see if I can find it in a new site, and to get better photos. If – no, let’s be positive – when I do manage to get better images, I’ll blog again about this exciting new Welsh resident.

Bugs like buses

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It seems that bugs are a bit like buses – you look for ages and only find two, then they all appear at once.

On Monday I caught the train to north Cardiff on a mission to find something special (more on that tomorrow) but, before looking for that creature, detoured through Heath Park. The woodland there is usually quite damp, even in the middle of summer, but neither a drop of water nor a squelch of mud remained.

The only water I could find was in Nant-y-Wedal, a narrow stinking stream that runs across one of the fields (I’m not sure what causes the smell, but there are permanent hazard notices warning of bacteria).

If you can ignore the noxious smell, the wildflowers and trees growing along the stream are always worth a look I’ve found, and so it was on Monday. Some leaf-turning and fossicking amongst the Alders was especially rewarding.

Not only did I find two Red-legged shieldbugs and a Hawthorn shieldbug, but there were several Parent bugs, a couple sitting on their own, plus three guarding their eggs, and what I think are tiny first instars, just in the process of hatching (not sure where their parent had gone). This is obviously the perfect time to see them as I also saw more on the Alders around Roath Park Lake, my subsequent destination.

Late but lovely

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Last Sunday, much to my delight, Mrs Mallard and her two ducklings came cruising along the River Ely where it flows in to Cardiff Bay while I was standing on the footpath above, enjoying a cooling breeze blowing gently over the water.

These may well be the same birds I saw during a similar walk on 16 July, though I’m a bit doubtful about that.

I think the ducklings would have grown more in the intervening 24 days, and Sunday’s mother duck looks to be quite a young duck herself. Perhaps that’s why she’s bred so late in the season.

Only two bugs

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One of the highlights of last year’s many hours spent staring at vegetation and leaf-fossicking was the number of bugs and beetles I found, many of them new sightings for me. You may have noticed that this year my blog posts have hardly included any insects, which is because I’m just not seeing many. To give you an example, this past weekend I spent about four hours, totally focused on looking for bugs and beetles. The two shieldbugs shown here are all I found, the Parent bug (Elasmucha grisea) on Saturday, the Common green shieldbug (Palomena prasina) yesterday.

As with so many other things, I’m beginning to think this is due to our over-heated summer. It may be that some insects are unable to survive the heat, or perhaps the plants they rely on for food are either not providing their usual levels of nourishment or have died in the dry conditions. It’s also possible that those insects that have survived the heat and drought are being heavily predated by hungry birds, and other predators, that are struggling to find enough sustenance. Living in Wales I never thought I’d be saying this (and I hope I’m not jinxing the coming winter’s weather) but we really need rain!

A summer of Clouded yellows

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Since I spotted my first Clouded yellow butterfly in mid June I’ve seen many more – more, in fact, than I’ve ever seen before.

During a wander around Cosmeston Lakes Country Park on 19 July I saw 8, and I didn’t walk every possible path so I’m sure there were more than that total.

Five days later, on 24 July, at the same location, I counted 11.

And, during almost every one of my daily walks since then, both at Cosmeston and at other locations, I’ve seen at least 1 Clouded yellow.

Their golden presence in our local fields might well be the only positive thing about this summer of record-breaking temperatures, continuing heatwaves (our fifth of the year is forecast for this coming week), and now, officially, drought conditions.

Pilates for herons?

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I took this photo during a walk around Cardiff’s Roath Park Lake on Thursday, and I’ve been puzzling over it ever since because I have no idea what this young Grey heron thought it was doing. It was just plain weird!

** Edit ** My followers are the best! Check out the link to a blog shared by Discovering in a comment below that includes images of lots of heron species doing ‘pilates’. 😉

Rust: Puccinia convolvuli

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It’s been a while since I found a new rust, or any type of fungi at all, so this one came as a nice surprise when I was checking bindweed leaves for leafmines of the tiny moth Bedellia somnulentella.

At first glance you might not realise this was a rust fungus as its effects simply looked like blotches on the upper surface of the leaf.

However, if you looked on the underside of the leaf, you could see the blotches were covered with tiny pustules, the fungus’s aecia from which spores are released.

As many rust fungi are plant specific, this was a relatively easy one to identify – it’s Puccinia convolvuli. Though I haven’t noticed it before when checking bindweed leaves, I was still surprised to learn that this is a relatively rare fungus in Britain, having only been discovered here in 2009 and not having spread far since that initial discovery. You can read more on this blog by Jeremy Bartlett, a Norfolk-based naturalist who I follow on social media.

A Jersey tiger summer

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Have you seen a Jersey tiger moth this summer?

Though 2025 was a good year locally for this stunning moth, I seem to have seen even more this year. I don’t know whether this is simply because they are now so comfortably settled in my area that they’re breeding in good numbers or if it’s yet another effect of this hottest of summers – perhaps both statements are true. Also, the winter of 2025-26 was quite mild, meaning the over-wintering caterpillars would have had a better chance of surviving though till their pupation in the spring.

For the first time I’ve even seen Jersey tiger moths (Euplagia quadripunctaria) mating. In fact, I almost stood on them – it was just lucky that I looked down at my feet before stepping off a local path to look more closely at a plant, as they were on the ground amongst the vegetation and leaf litter. Fortunately for them, they can now go on to produce even more Jersey tigers for me to enjoy next year.

Surprise Emerald damselflies

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More from 23 July, and the wander around Forest Farm Nature Reserve that I blogged about yesterday
I’d enjoyed a lovely walk alongside the river Taff, along the various different paths through the reserve, beside the canal, and was heading for the train when I decided to check the orchard pond one more time. My decision paid off!

There still weren’t many large dragonflies but something about some of the blue damselflies made me look at them more closely. My eyesight isn’t the best so I wasn’t able to pick out exact species indicators but their flight pattern and colouration looked different enough for me to take a couple of photos to check more closely. Emerald damselflies!

I’d only seen Emerald damselflies (Lestes sponsa) three times previously so I was delighted to find them at Forest Farm. And, after checking iRecord later at home, I discovered they’ve been recorded there since 2014, though not every year – I’m not sure if that’s down to a lack of damseflies some years or a lack of people recording their sightings. I’ll certainly be checking for them again next year, and this sighting has also prompted me to check iRecord for other species I might have overlooked.

Migrant hawkers are in flight

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It was 23 July and I’d taken the train to north Cardiff for a morning wandering around Forest Farm Nature Reserve. I was hoping for dragons along the Glamorgan Canal but thought I’d take a look around the orchard pond and fields before heading that way. There were quite a few blue-coloured damselflies around the pond, a female Emperor that was egg-laying amongst the vegetation, and a couple of Common darters – all nice to see but nothing to get the heart pumping, and a walk around the orchard and nearby field didn’t produce a single dragon. I decided to head for the canal but, as I was passing the old farm buildings (now used by Cardiff Park rangers and a couple of conservation organisations), I decided to detour along a path behind those buildings. And I’m so glad I did because I had only just turned on to this path when a large dragon flew up. I immediately froze and, fortunately, for me, it settled again on a nearby plant. My first Migrant hawker (Aeshna mixta) of the year!

Since that day I’ve seen at least ten more, though only one stopped long enough for a distant photo, only good for recording purposes. Last Saturday, five of these gorgeous dragons were flying together over a single back garden just a short walk from where I live – they can often be seen in groups like this, constantly flying back and forth. And later that same day I had another three patrolling a path along the edge of a Cardiff park – I watched for perhaps 15 minutes but none stopped flying and it was too hot to linger longer.