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Tag Archives: leaf-mining moth larvae

L is for leafminers

17 Sunday Dec 2023

Posted by sconzani in insects, leaves, plants, trees

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British leafminers, leaf-mining fly larvae, leaf-mining moth larvae, leafminers, leafmines, leafmines on plants, leafmines on trees

As a result of standing staring for hours at leaves, I’ve found lots and lots of lovely new-to-me leafminers this year. Here’s a summary of those I’ve blogged about:

On 13 February, Leafmines: Phyllonorycter ulicicolella covered the tricky-to-find mines of tiny moth larvae on gorse. In Leafmines: Eriocrania unimaculella, 22 May, the larvae of a different moth were mining Birch leaves, and, on 26 June, Leafmines: Mompha terminella, featured more moth larvae mines, this time on Enchanter’s nightshade. In October the moth miners were munching on Hawthorn leaves (Leafmines: Bucculatrix bechsteinella, 2 October) and on Blackthorn (Leafmines: Lyonetia prunifoliella, 9 October). The only new non-moth miner of the year was a fly whose larvae were found mining the leaves of Alder (Leafmines: Agromyza alnivora, 16 October) and, later in October, we were back to moth miners, with Hawthorn once again the plant of choice (Leafmines: Phyllonorycter corylifoliella, 23 October). In November, a willow moth miner I’d mentioned once before in passing starred in its very own blog (Leafmines: Phyllonorycter viminiella, 20 November) and, a week later, on 27 November, another moth larva was found on the leaves of a rose species (Leafmines: Stigmella anomalella). The final leafminer find of 2023 was yet another moth, this time devouring the leaves of Wild privet (Leafmines: Gracillaria syringella, 4 December).

231217 leafmines

I’ve already referenced the three case-bearing moth larvae leafminers in an earlier countdown blog (C is for Coleophora) but, just for completeness, I’ll also link to them here: Leafmines: Coleophora lutipennella on 1 May, Leafmines: Coleophora serratella on 15 May, and Leafmines: Coleophora gryphipennella on 13 November.

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C is for Coleophora

08 Friday Dec 2023

Posted by sconzani in insects

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casebearer, casebearing moth larvae, Coleophora, Coleophora gryphipennella, Coleophora lutipennella, Coleophora serratella, leaf-mining moth larvae, moth larvae

Coleophora: the clue’s in the name, which is a combination of the Greek word koleós meaning sheath and phora meaning carrier. Coleophora is a genus of moths whose larvae construct a case, which they carry around with them and live in, kind of like a snail. These year’s Coleophora finds include Coleophora lutipennella and Coleophora serratella, both in May, and Coleophora gryphipennella just a few weeks ago. You can see from the photos below how diverse their cases are – and these are some of the simpler designs.

231208 Coleophora

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Leafmines: Stigmella anomalella

27 Monday Nov 2023

Posted by sconzani in insects, leaves, plants

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British leafminers, Dog rose, leaf-mining moth larvae, leaf-mining moths, leafminers, moth leafmines on Dog rose, Stigmella anomalella

This particular Dog rose (Rosa canina) was generous with its leafminers. Not only did I see the feeding signs and case-bearing larva of Coleophora gryphipennella (see my 13 November blog post) but I also found my first leafmines of Stigmella anomalella, also known appropriately enough as the Rose leaf miner (there are photos of the adult moth on the UK Moths website).

231127 Stigmella anomalella

As you can see, the larvae create long meandering galleries that are initially narrow and completely filled with frass, then later widen to show clear space on either side of the line of frass. The British Leafminers website notes that the gallery often ‘crosses back over itself’ as my image shows – well, actually, it’s crossing back under itself, but you get the idea. I was also lucky to spot larvae in mines on two of the leaves I looked at. These mines can be found around July and then again between October and December, so check out those Dog rose leaves before they all fall.

231127 Stigmella anomalella (2)

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Leafmines: Phyllonorycter viminiella

20 Monday Nov 2023

Posted by sconzani in insects, leaves, trees

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British leafminers, British moths, leaf-mining moth larvae, leaf-mining moths, leafmines on willow, Phyllonorycter viminiella

This was just the second time I’ve spotted these particular leafmines: they got a mention in On narrow-leaved willows, 26 December 2022, but I thought they deserved their own post. The larvae of the moth Phyllonorycter viminiella munch on the underside of Willows (usually those Salix species with smooth leaves), their feeding causing the edges of leaves to fold over and develop strong creasing in the mine, as you can see in my images below. These attractive little moths are bivoltine, so you can find the larval mines first around July and then again around October.

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Leafmines: Coleophora gryphipennella

13 Monday Nov 2023

Posted by sconzani in insects, leaves

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Coleophora gryphipennella, leaf-mining moth larvae, leaf-mining moths, moth larvae in leaf mines

Another leaf-turning session recently resulted in another leafminer, the tiny moth Coleophora gryphipennella whose larvae feed on various species of Rosa. (You can see the adult moth on the UK Moths website here.)

231113 Coleophora gryphipennella on Rosa sp (1)

According to the British Leafminers website, the larvae, which create a tiny case to live in, can initially be found mining leaves from late August to late October. They hibernate in their cases over the colder winter months before emerging to feed again from April to mid May in a newly constructed case. These moths are apparently common, though this is the first I’ve spotted in all my time spent staring at and turning over leaves.

231113 Coleophora gryphipennella on Rosa sp (2)

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New year, first insect

04 Wednesday Jan 2023

Posted by sconzani in insects

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British leafmines, leaf-mining moth larvae, leaf-mining moths, Phyllonorycter leucographella

Appropriately enough for someone who likes finding leaf mines, the first insect I spotted this year was a leafminer, the larva of the moth Phyllonorycter leucographella. I blogged about these back in November 2020 (Leafmines: Phyllonorycter leucographella), when, as now, I found the mines on the orange-berried variety of Firethorn (Pyracantha coccinea). As the entry on this species on the British Leafminers website explains, the autumn generation of these larvae, like this one, overwinter in their mine, before pupating and emerging in the spring.

230104 Phyllonorycter leucographella on pyracantha

The larvae can also be found on many other plant species: the photo below shows the same moth species mining the leaf of a Plane tree in October 2021. In this case, you can see the empty pupal case still in the mine and the exuvia poking out at the top of the mine, from where the moth has emerged.

230104 Phyllonorycter leucographella on plane

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Leafmines: Psychoides filicivora, 2

19 Monday Dec 2022

Posted by sconzani in insects, plants

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Common polypody, leaf-miner on fern, leaf-mining moth larvae, leaf-mining moths, Polypodium vulgare agg, Psychoides filicivora

At the start of this year I found my first moth larvae living in self-constructed coverings of spores on the underside of fern leaves. At that occasion, the ferns were Hart’s-tongues (Asplenium scolopendrium) and the moth larvae were Psychoides filicivora. However, there is another moth species that lives like this on fern fronds so, when I found this larva last week on one of the Polypody fern species (Polypodium vulgare sensu lato), I was hoping I’d found the second species, Psychoides verhuella. Unfortunately, I had not but I was still pleased to have found P. filicivora on a different fern species. My search for the other moth species continues.

221219 psychoides filicivora

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Leafmines: Stigmella obliquella

28 Monday Nov 2022

Posted by sconzani in leaves, trees

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leaf-mining moth larvae, leaf-mining moths, leafminers, leafmines on willow, moth leafmines, Stigmella obliquella, Willow pygmy, Willow pygmy larval leafmines

As part of my continuing search for the leafmines of the moth Phyllocnistis saligna, I spent part of a recent walk checking the narrow-leaved willows in a Cardiff Park. Though most of the leaves had already fallen, I noticed a lot of leaves with ‘green islands‘, a likely sign of a leafminer but probably not the one I was looking for and, indeed, not one I was familiar with. I took some photos and posted a selection that evening on Twitter.

221128 Stigmella obliquella (1)

Leafminerman Rob Edmunds, of the superb British Leafminers website, quickly identified them as the ‘very variable’ work of the larvae of the moth Stigmella obliquella, also known as the Willow pygmy, a rather cute micro moth with an orange top knot. You can find out more about the leafmines on the British Leafminers website, and see the adult moth on the UK Moths website; just click on the links.

221128 Stigmella obliquella (2)

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Leafmines: Lyonetia clerkella

24 Monday Jan 2022

Posted by sconzani in insects

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Apple leaf miner, leaf mines, leaf-mining moth, leaf-mining moth larvae, Lyonetia clerkella

I didn’t expect to post about any leafminers for a while but saw these mines on a Cherry laurel hedge I passed yesterday and realised this was one I hadn’t shared before. Though the mines are now empty and the moth pupae tucked up cosily in their cocoons for the winter, the mines created by the larvae are still visible.

220124 Lyonetia clerkella (1)

These are the mines of the Apple leaf miner moth (Lyonetia clerkella). As the name suggests, the larvae of this moth mine the leaves of Apple and other fruit trees, as well as quite a long list of other plant species. You can read more about them on the British leafminers website and see the tiny adult moth on the UK Moths website.

220124 Lyonetia clerkella (2)

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Leafmines: on Himalayan honeysuckle

10 Monday Jan 2022

Posted by sconzani in insects, plants

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Chromatomyia lonicerae, Himalayan honeysuckle, leaf-mining fly larvae, leaf-mining moth larvae, leafmines on Evergreen oak, leafmines on Himalayan honeysuckle, Leycesteria formosa, Phyllonorycter emberizaepenella

Two for the price of one this week. The plant is Himalayan honeysuckle (Leycesteria formosa), not a British native as you can guess from its name, but a plant that’s now naturalised quite extensively in the wild, at least in my local area. The leafmines were found on 18 December, quite late in the year but a sign of how mild our weather has been so far this winter.

220110 Leycesteria formosa (1)
220110 Leycesteria formosa (2)

These first mines were made by the larvae of the tiny fly Chromatomyia lonicerae. I like the description of this mine on the Nature Spot website: ‘The leafmine starts with an irregular star-like blotch with a later linear section’. You can see that in my photo on the left below, and, in the photo on the right, you can see a pupa, which remains in the mine until it emerges as an adult fly.

220110 Chromatomyia lonicerae (1)
220110 Chromatomyia lonicerae (2)

This second mine is the creation of the larva of the moth Phyllonorycter emberizaepenella, a beautiful little brown-and-white creature that you can see on the UK Moths website. The larva spins itself a blotch mine, which pulls the underside of the leaf together, as you can see in the photos below: top of the leaf on the left, bottom on the right.

220110 Phyllonorycter emberizaepenella (1)
220110 Phyllonorycter emberizaepenella (2)

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About me

sconzani

sconzani

I'm a writer and photographer; researcher and blogger; birder and nature lover; countryside rambler and city strider; volunteer and biodiversity recorder.

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