• ABOUT
  • BIRDING 2018
  • Birding 2019
  • BLOG POSTS
  • Butterflies 2018
  • Resources

earthstar

~ a celebration of nature

earthstar

Tag Archives: leafmines

Leafmines: Chrysoesthia sexgutella

06 Monday Oct 2025

Posted by sconzani in insects, plants

≈ Leave a comment

Tags

British leafminers, British moths, leaf-mining moth larvae, leafmines, leafmines on Goosefoot, leafmines on Orache

Last Wednesday evening I got a message from local moth expert George that another local moth-er had found the leafmines of the moth Chrysoesthia drurella, a new find for the county of Glamorgan, in a suburb on the opposite side of Cardiff to where I live. As he knows I’m a keen seeker of leafmines, George just wanted to let me know to keep an eye out for them when I’m out walking.

The moth larvae mine the leaves of Orache (Atriplex sp.) and Goosefoot (Chenopodium sp.), neither of which plants I’m familiar with so that was my first hurdle, being able to recognise the plants and knowing where to find them. Out came my plant books! Sometime later I was fairly confident I’d recognise the plants, though not be able to distinguish one from the other; fortunately, in this case that didn’t matter.

Thursday dawned and, after dealing with some necessary chores, I headed out for a walk, deciding to detour to a local beach in the hope of finding the correct plants. I was in luck, and the plants had mines on their leaves, though they didn’t look like how they should for the moth larvae I was seeking. So, finding a mine that still had a larva in it, I plucked it off the plant and brought it home to take a closer look at it, as the larva’s markings would tell me one way or the other whether I’d found C. drurella. I hadn’t!

However, I had found a closely related species, Chrysoesthia sexgutella, which mines the leaves of the same plants and was a new find for me. This moth breeds twice each year, with the first brood adults flying in May/June and the second on the wing in August. You can see what the adult moth looks like on the UK Moths website. And my search for the rarer Chrysoesthia drurella continues.

Like Loading...

Leafmines: Stigmella lemniscella

25 Monday Aug 2025

Posted by sconzani in insects, trees

≈ Leave a comment

Tags

Beautiful elm dot, British leafminers, leaf-mining moth larvae, leaf-mining moths, leafmines, leafmines on Wych elm, Stigmella lemniscella

I discovered today’s new leafmines the same day as I found last week’s (Leafmines: Stigmella viscerella) and, considering how much time I spend leaf-fossicking and simply staring at trees, was also amazed I’d not noticed these very distinctive mines before.

The larvae of the moth Stigmella lemniscella munch away within the leaves of Elm trees (Ulmus species), in this case Wych elms (Ulmus glabra), and their galleries often follow the edge of the leaves, looking like a zigzag pattern. These moths are bivoltine so are active during July, and again in September – October. The adult moth is a pretty little thing – there’s a photo on the UK Moths website, which has the common name of Beautiful elm dot.

Like Loading...

Leafmines: Elachista cinereopunctella

14 Monday Apr 2025

Posted by sconzani in insects

≈ Leave a comment

Tags

British leafmines, Elachista cinereopunctella, Glaucous sedge-miner, leafmines, leafmines on Glaucous sedge, leafmining moth larvae, leafmining moths

These two leafmines, in the leaves of Glaucous sedge (Carex flacca), may look quite boring and nondescript but scroll down to see what lies within.

This is the stunning little larva of Elachista cinereopunctella, a moth that can be found throughout Britain but only in areas where its larval plants can be found (mainly Glaucous sedge, but some other sedges are also used). And the moth’s not actually that common in Wales, with just 13 records showing in the national biodiversity database. This may be because the adult moth is also rather nondescript (see a photo on the UK Moths website here) and few people look for and record the leaf-mining larval stage. I was lucky to be directed to the presence of these mines by my friendly local moth expert, George, though it still took some poking about the sedges in a local area of woodland to find them.

Like Loading...

Leafmines on Spring flowers

17 Monday Feb 2025

Posted by sconzani in insects, spring, wildflowers

≈ Leave a comment

Tags

British leafmines, Chromatomyia primulae, leafmines, leafmines on lesser celandine, leafmines on primrose, leafmines on spring wildflowers, Phytomyza ranunculi

While you’re admiring the beautiful Spring wildflowers that are now beginning to bloom, keep an eye out for leafmines on their leaves. These are two examples that seem widespread and easy to find. I’ve linked to my previous blogs on these species so you can read more if you so choose.

Phytomyza ranunculi on Lesser celandine

Chromatomyia primulae on Primrose

Like Loading...

Leafmining in the dead of winter

03 Monday Feb 2025

Posted by sconzani in insects, plants, winter

≈ Leave a comment

Tags

British leafminers, British leafmines, Chromatomyia ramosa, Euleia heraclei, leafmines, leafmining flies, leafmining moths, Phyllonorycter leucographella, Phytomyza chaerophylli

I reminded myself during Saturday’s meander around local trails and pathways that leafmining can be a year round pastime. I didn’t find anything new but I did find several miners that I’ve seen and blogged about before. So, if you’ve a mind to get started on your personal journey of discovering leafmines, there’s no need to wait until the warmer months.

Phyllonorycter leucographella on one of the Pyracantha species. The tiny larva, with its black on white markings, is just visible within the mine.

Chromatomyia ramosa just getting started on a new Teasel rosette

Phytomyza chaerophylli on newly sprouted Cow parsley

Euleia heraclei on Alexanders, a plant that grows almost constantly and very prolifically here in coastal south Wales. I held the leaf up to the light so as to show the larva within.

Like Loading...

L is for leafminers

17 Sunday Dec 2023

Posted by sconzani in insects, leaves, plants, trees

≈ Leave a comment

Tags

British leafminers, leaf-mining fly larvae, leaf-mining moth larvae, leafminers, leafmines, leafmines on plants, leafmines on trees

As a result of standing staring for hours at leaves, I’ve found lots and lots of lovely new-to-me leafminers this year. Here’s a summary of those I’ve blogged about:

On 13 February, Leafmines: Phyllonorycter ulicicolella covered the tricky-to-find mines of tiny moth larvae on gorse. In Leafmines: Eriocrania unimaculella, 22 May, the larvae of a different moth were mining Birch leaves, and, on 26 June, Leafmines: Mompha terminella, featured more moth larvae mines, this time on Enchanter’s nightshade. In October the moth miners were munching on Hawthorn leaves (Leafmines: Bucculatrix bechsteinella, 2 October) and on Blackthorn (Leafmines: Lyonetia prunifoliella, 9 October). The only new non-moth miner of the year was a fly whose larvae were found mining the leaves of Alder (Leafmines: Agromyza alnivora, 16 October) and, later in October, we were back to moth miners, with Hawthorn once again the plant of choice (Leafmines: Phyllonorycter corylifoliella, 23 October). In November, a willow moth miner I’d mentioned once before in passing starred in its very own blog (Leafmines: Phyllonorycter viminiella, 20 November) and, a week later, on 27 November, another moth larva was found on the leaves of a rose species (Leafmines: Stigmella anomalella). The final leafminer find of 2023 was yet another moth, this time devouring the leaves of Wild privet (Leafmines: Gracillaria syringella, 4 December).

231217 leafmines

I’ve already referenced the three case-bearing moth larvae leafminers in an earlier countdown blog (C is for Coleophora) but, just for completeness, I’ll also link to them here: Leafmines: Coleophora lutipennella on 1 May, Leafmines: Coleophora serratella on 15 May, and Leafmines: Coleophora gryphipennella on 13 November.

Like Loading...

Leafmines: Gracillaria syringella

04 Monday Dec 2023

Posted by sconzani in insects, plants

≈ Leave a comment

Tags

British leafmines, Gracillaria syringella, leafmines, leafmines on privet, leafmining moth larvae, Ligustrum vulgare

These finds date from early November but it’s taken a while to get their identity confirmed. These are the larval leafmines of the gorgeous little moth Gracillaria syringella, shown here on Wild privet (Ligustrum vulgare) though they can also be found mining the leaves of Lilac species (Syringa, hence the epithet in their scientific name), Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and Jasmine (Jasminum sp.).

231204 Gracillaria syringella (1)

Once hatched from their eggs, the larvae initially feed within a gallery mine (difficult to see in my images so I’ve marked them with a red arrow), then broaden their horizons into a large blotch. My finds were late in the year – the mines of Gracillaria syringella can usually be found in June and then again during August-September.

231204 Gracillaria syringella (2)

Like Loading...

Leafmines: Agromyza alnivora

16 Monday Oct 2023

Posted by sconzani in insects, leaves, trees

≈ Leave a comment

Tags

Agromyza alnivora, Alder, British leafminers, fly mines, leaf-mining fly larvae, leafmines, leafmines on Alder

These are new leafmines for me, found during time recently spent checking the leaves of Alder trees, both the more frequently seen Alder (Alnus glutinosa) and the Italian alder (Alnus cordata), a common planting here along street edges and in parks. To me, these mines all look very snake-like!

231016 Agromyza alnivora (1)

These are the work of larvae of the fly species Agromyza alnivora. As the British Leafminers website describes, they create ‘An upper surface corridor, gradually widening, which is not associated with leaf margin or veins’, but the most distinctive feature of these mines is the frass, which is always deposited in two rows. The larvae make their mines twice each year – the technical term is bivoltine – in summer and in early autumn.

231016 Agromyza alnivora (2)

Like Loading...

Leafmines: Phyllonorycter ulicicolella

13 Monday Feb 2023

Posted by sconzani in insects, plants

≈ 2 Comments

Tags

British leafminers, leafmines, leafmines on Gorse, leafmining moth larvae, moth larva, Phyllonorycter ulicicolella

I have a new leafminer to share at last, the moth Phyllonorycter ulicicolella, which mines the stems and spines of Gorse plants. The British Leafminers website notes that this mine is rarely found, and I can certainly believe that. I’d had a look before at a few Gorse bushes but not found any mines, until a posting on Twitter by local Butterfly Conservation senior moth ecologist George led me to make a more serious effort. For me, finding new leafmines is often a matter of getting my eye in – once I’ve seen something, I find it much easier to find again. George directed me to a local Gorse bush where he’d recently found some mines – I didn’t actually check that bush but knew there were other bushes that had recently been flailed further along the same road, and bingo! The mine and larva pictured here came from a cut branch lying on the ground.

230213 phyllonorycter ulicicolella (1)

The larva is incredibly tiny – about 3mm when fully grown – so it was difficult to get clear photos. According to the UK Moths website, where you can see images of the attractive adult, this moth is ‘nationally scarce’, and can be ‘found in heathland and grassland in southern England and also northwest England’. I guess they need to update that now to include south Wales, thanks to George’s efforts in finding it locally, in various parts of Cardiff and the nearby town of Barry. I will also be continuing my search for the mines in my area.

230213 phyllonorycter ulicicolella (2)

Like Loading...

Leafmines: Agromyza anthracina

30 Monday May 2022

Posted by sconzani in nature

≈ Leave a comment

Tags

Agromyza anthracina, fly larvae, fly leafmines, leafmines, leafmines on Nettles

We’ve had a break from leafmines for a while but now the leaves are once again green and lush, it’s time to check them for signs of the mines of munching moth and fly and beetle larvae.

220530 Agromyza anthracina (2)

Today’s example is a new one for me: Agromyza anthracina, a fly whose larvae thrive on Nettles. It’s common in England and, though there aren’t many Welsh records, it seems that’s because it’s under-recorded rather than rare. Since a Twitter friend found mines on Nettles in a local park last week, I’ve found mines in several locations on my walks.

220530 Agromyza anthracina (1)

I’ve lightened these images a lot to try to show more clearly the details of the mines: some are quite intestinal in design and the frass in the galleries is like a child’s scribble pattern.

Like Loading...
← Older posts

About me

sconzani

sconzani

I'm a writer and photographer; researcher and blogger; birder and nature lover; countryside rambler and city strider; volunteer and biodiversity recorder.

View Full Profile →

Follow earthstar on WordPress.com

Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email.

Recent blog posts

  • M is for mite December 18, 2025
  • L is for lepidopteran lifers December 17, 2025
  • K is for Keeled skimmers December 16, 2025
  • J is for Jersey tiger December 15, 2025
  • I is for Ichneumon December 14, 2025

From the archives

COPYRIGHT

Unless otherwise acknowledged, the text and photographs on this blog are my own and are subject to international copyright. Nothing may be downloaded or copied without my permission.

Fellow Earth Stars!

  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar
  • Unknown's avatar

Blog at WordPress.com.

Privacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use.
To find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: Cookie Policy
  • Subscribe Subscribed
    • earthstar
    • Join 667 other subscribers
    • Already have a WordPress.com account? Log in now.
    • earthstar
    • Subscribe Subscribed
    • Sign up
    • Log in
    • Report this content
    • View site in Reader
    • Manage subscriptions
    • Collapse this bar
 

Loading Comments...
 

You must be logged in to post a comment.

    %d