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~ a celebration of nature

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Yearly Archives: 2021

Oak: a new gall

25 Tuesday May 2021

Posted by sconzani in insects, leaves, spring, trees

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Tags

Andricus curvator, British galls, galls on Oak leaves, galls on oak trees, Oak gall wasps, oak galls, oak tree

With heavy cloud and occasional rain, Sunday was not a day for finding butterflies in the woodland. So, I decided to look more closely at Oak leaves to see what I might find, and that strategy paid off in spades as the next few days’ blog posts will show. First up, I found a gall I hadn’t seen before, which turns out to be the sexual generation of the gall wasp Andricus curvator.

210525 Andricus curvator (1)

When the adult wasps emerge in the spring from the agamic (asexual) generation galls, which are formed on buds in the autumn and fall to the ground to over-winter, they lay their eggs mostly on Oak leaves but also, sometimes, on twigs or catkins, so these galls can take several forms. The ones I found (and they were numerous) were all on leaves, causing malformations and swellings, as you can see from the photos above and below.

210525 Andricus curvator (2)
210525 Andricus curvator (3)

I was tempted to split a gall open to see what was inside but it turns out I didn’t have to, as something had nibbled away at one gall, revealing a second round gall inside (see below). The larvae within this inner gall will emerge in the autumn to lay its eggs on Oak buds, and so the process will continue.

210525 Andricus curvator (4)

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Butterfly courtship

24 Monday May 2021

Posted by sconzani in insects

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Brimstone butterfly, British butterflies, butterfly courtship, butterfly mating, Green-veined white butterfly, Orange-tip butterfly

Some recent moments of butterfly courtship I’ve managed to catch on camera …
The dance of the Brimstones: the butter-yellow male flies in to check if the paler female is ready and willing to mate. And he’s in luck, so their (to human eyes) romantic dance begins, with the male whirling around the female, wafting his pheromones in her direction to encourage her to settle and let mating begin. This ‘dance’ can continue quite a while, as I discovered while watching this pair.

210524 brimstone (1)
210524 brimstone (2)

Mating was already underway when I spotted this pair of Green-veined whites. And it is not just sperm that is passing between them. The Butterfly Conservation website reports that the male also transfers ‘a so-called “nuptial gift” of nutrients that the female can assimilate and use to increase egg production. Exceptionally, male Green-veined Whites may transfer 25% of their own body mass to females during mating, though typically this is more like 15%.’

210524 green-veined whites

Sometimes males don’t know when to take ‘No’ for an answer! By pointing her abdomen in the air, this Orange-tip female is refusing to mate, presumably because she has already mated and needs to get on with the important task of egg-laying. But the male simply wasn’t getting the message and continued fluttering around the female, even landing on her outspread wings. Eventually, she flew off at speed to escape his advances.

210524 orange-tip (1)
210524 orange-tip (2)
210524 orange-tip (3)
210524 orange-tip (4)
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New awakenings

23 Sunday May 2021

Posted by sconzani in flowers, spring, wildflowers

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British wildflowers, Common comfrey, Field scabious, Flax, knapweed, Oxeye daisy, Ragged robin, Red campion, Red valerian, Spring colour, Yarrow

Despite our un-spring-like weather, more and more wildflowers are coming in to bloom. Here are some I’ve noticed during the past fortnight’s ramblings in my local countryside: Comfrey, Field scabious, Flax, Knapweed, Oxeye daisy, Ragged robin, Red campion and Red valerian, and Yarrow. Though my video shows a decidedly blue-pink range of hues, there are other-coloured species in bloom – it’s just that I intend doing some family- or species-specific blogs so will save those photographs for now.

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Dipper fledgling

22 Saturday May 2021

Posted by sconzani in birds

≈ 4 Comments

Tags

birding, birdwatching, British birds, Dipper, Dipper fledgling

Dippers are birds I don’t see very often. They’re primarily birds of fast-flowing rivers and, although there are two rivers, the Ely and the Taff, within walking distance of my home, where they flow in to Cardiff Bay neither river has the boulders or rocks Dippers like to use to launch themselves into the water.

210522 dipper fledgling (1)

So, it was a delight to hear a Dipper calling in the River Rhymney during Wednesday’s walk in the Welsh valleys and then, on peering down into the river, to see not only an adult bird, which flew off upstream, but also to spot and then watch this adorable fledgling, which was already practising the bobbing motion these birds are known for.

210522 dipper fledgling (3)
210522 dipper fledgling (2)
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First Common blue

21 Friday May 2021

Posted by sconzani in insects

≈ 2 Comments

Tags

blue butterfly, British butterflies, Common blue, Common blue butterfly

This has been a strange spring, with frequent cool winds, a lack of rain that was restricting plant growth and cracking the ground, and now a couple of weeks of frequent rain that is saturating the land. This unseasonal weather has had a definite effect on wildlife, with some insects out and about early, but others emerging a week or more later than usual.

210522 common blue (2)

I would usually expect to see my first Common blue butterfly in mid May but this year’s first sighting came on Wednesday 19th and, somewhat surprisingly, it was high in the Welsh valleys, where the weather is often a few degrees cooler than my usual coastal patches. In fact, in between the sunny spells on Wednesday’s walk, I got hailed on. Go figure!

210522 common blue (1)

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Crow kids

20 Thursday May 2021

Posted by sconzani in birds, spring

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birding, birdwatching, British birds, Carrion crow, juvenile crow, nesting birds

These three juvenile Carrion crows were keeping incredibly quiet – in fact, two were mostly snoozing – so it was just good luck that I happened to look up into their tree and spot them.

210520 juvenile crows (1)

Their parents were in a neighbouring area of wasteland, foraging for food – a full-time job with three hungry beaks to fill. The juveniles look close to fledging so I’m picking they’ll have moved out by the time I next walk this way.

210520 juvenile crows (2)

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Finally, odonata

19 Wednesday May 2021

Posted by sconzani in insects

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Azure damselfly, British damselflies, British odonata, Common blue damselfly, Cosmeston Lakes Country Park, damselfly

My first damselflies (still no dragonflies) of 2021 have been a long time coming but, finally, yesterday, at Cosmeston Lakes Country Park, before a thunderstorm drenched both the insects and me, I saw a small number of both Azure and Common blue damselflies in some of the more sheltered places around the fields … and it was magical!

Azure damselfly

Common blue damselfly

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Buttercups and beasties

18 Tuesday May 2021

Posted by sconzani in insects, spring, wildflowers

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Tags

British wildflowers, buttercups, buttercups and insects, insects in buttercups, yellow wildflowers

It seems I’m not the only one who likes buttercups, judging by the quantity and variety of mini-beasties I’ve spotted in them in recent days: bees and hoverflies, earwigs and micro-moths, and even a slug.

210518 buttercup bee nomada
210518 buttercup earwig
210518 buttercup hoverfly (1)
210518 buttercup hoverfly (2)
210518 buttercup moths
210518 buttercup slug
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A treehopper

17 Monday May 2021

Posted by sconzani in insects

≈ 2 Comments

Tags

British bugs, British treehopper, Centrotus cornutus, treehopper

The highlight of yesterday’s walk was this little dude, a new insect for me and perhaps the coolest bug I’ve ever seen. Meet Centrotus cornutus, one of only two British species of treehopper.

210517 Centrotus cornutus (1)

As you can see from the relative size of my thumb and the fact that it’s sitting on a blade of grass, this bug is tiny, averaging just 10mm in length. The British Bugs website says they can be found ‘on a range of plants in woodland rides’ – this one was amongst scrubby vegetation under trees in a local park, and the adults can be seen between April and August.

210517 Centrotus cornutus (2)

Though I wouldn’t usually promote Wikipedia, their entry on this bug has some interesting, seemingly well-referenced information that includes the idea that ‘The bizarre horn-like extensions of the pronotum apparently help the camouflage. As a matter of fact, when this insect is at rest on a branch with the legs retracted, it looks like a part of the branch itself.’ I can imagine that camouflage works rather well.

210517 Centrotus cornutus (3)

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Common fumitory

16 Sunday May 2021

Posted by sconzani in spring, wildflowers

≈ 4 Comments

Tags

British wildflowers, Common fumitory, Fumaria officinalis, Spring colour, spring flowers

This native British wildflower may well be the ‘common weed of gardens, arable fields and waste places’ that my Flora Britannica describes, but I’ve only found it once, earlier this week, in my local area, despite there being plenty of those suitable habitats. This is Common fumitory (Fumaria officinalis), which also goes by the vernacular names of Earth smoke and Red-tipped-web. Flora Britannica goes on to explain:

Both scientific and English names stem from the Latin Fumus terrae – ‘smoke of the earth’. The delicate, grey-green leaves do have a slightly smoky appearance, enough to persuade one seventeenth-century herbalist that ‘it appeareth to those that behold it at a distance, as if the ground were all of a smoak’.

210516 common fumitory

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About me

sconzani

sconzani

I'm a writer and photographer; researcher and blogger; birder and nature lover; countryside rambler and city strider; volunteer and biodiversity recorder.

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  • My first Holly blue April 10, 2026
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