Closterotomus cousins

03 Wednesday Sep 2025

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British bugs, Closterotomus fulvomaculatus, Closterotomus norwegicus, Closterotomus species, mirid bugs, Miridae, Potato capsid

This is a tale of two Closterotomuses – Closterotomi?

The first is Closterotomus norwegicus, also known as the Potato capsid, though I’m not sure why it has that common name. The British Bugs website says it ‘feeds on a wide range of plants, especially nettles, composites and clovers’, with no mention of potatoes. It’s a handsome little bug and quite common, though can be confused with other similar mirid bugs – the British Bugs page lists some of the distinguishing features to look out for.

This second Closterotomus species is C. fulvomaculatus – no common name that I’m aware of. It can be seen between June and August, so we’re right at the end of its date range now but there may still be time to spot it on scrub and in hedgerows where it feeds on nettles and meadowsweet. Apparently, it’s also quite partial to hops, but we don’t have those in my local area. It looks like just another brown bug until you look more closely and notice the lovely golden hairs that cover its upper body.

Avian juveniles

02 Tuesday Sep 2025

Posted by sconzani in birds

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birding, birdwatching, British birds, Chiffchaff, Collared dove, fledglings, juvenile birds, long-tailed tit, robin, Stonechat, young birds

I feel like we haven’t had enough birds on here lately so let’s take a look at some of this year’s juveniles …

There are quite a lot of young Chiffchaffs flitting around the trees and bushes now, in the throes of making their first migration flights south for the winter, though, with the warming climate, many Chiffchiffs also now over-winter in southern parts of Britain.

This was the first juvenile Collared dove I’d ever seen and it was probably the fact that it was a juvenile that made it much less wary of this photographer’s lens than its parents would’ve been.

Though it hardly seems possible to be more adorable than an adult Long-tailed tit, I think the offspring outdo their parents in the cuteness department.

Likewise young Robins, which are even more endearing and much less feisty than the adult versions. And I do think their juvenile plumage is very attractive too.

This little one was my first juvenile Stonechat of the year, spotted last week at the local country park with an adult male. These birds will also be in the process of moving from their more northerly breeding grounds to warmer winter climes.

A squirrel surprise

01 Monday Sep 2025

Posted by sconzani in animals, mammal

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British mammals, grey squirrel, squirrel climbing building, squirrel climbing stucco surface

In my new flat I have my dining table-cum-desk set up in front of the living room windows so I can enjoy views of the adjacent woodland and the Bristol Channel at the bottom of the garden while I’m writing these blogs or eating my meals. On Saturday morning, when I was eating my breakfast, I heard a Grey squirrel making the strange whining / moaning / screeching sounds they sometimes utter. It sounded very close but I couldn’t see anything when looking straight out the windows, so got up to have a more thorough look all around. This is what I saw just outside the (tilted) open window.

My flat is on the middle of three floors and the site slopes quite steeply away below, so the squirrel was probably 30 feet from the ground. I suppose that’s not a great height for a squirrel that can climb tall trees – I just never expected one would climb up the side of the building, but the stucco surface seemed to be providing good purchase for its claws. I’m a bit of a fresh air fiend so, when I go out, I often leave my windows open as I’ve no concerns about potential burglars. Now, though, I’m wondering if one day I might get home and find a squirrel has come to investigate!

Mignonette

31 Sunday Aug 2025

Posted by sconzani in flowers, wildflowers

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British wildflowers, Mignonette, Reseda lutea, Reseda odorata, Wild mignonette, wildflowers

As I’ve never sniffed their flowers, I’m not sure whether the Mignonette plants I see in various locations around Cardiff Bay are Wild Mignonette (Reseda lutea) or the escaped and naturalised garden variety Reseda odorata (the latter, a plant that’s more at home in Mediterranean countries, has a musky scent apparently).

Both species are common throughout the UK, in a wide variety of locations – along the edges of railway lines, on areas of waste ground, bordering car parks and garbage tips, around arable fields – in general, anywhere the ground has been disturbed and is mostly dry. You can see in the photos below how well the Mignonette plants are coping with the current drought conditions here in south Wales, compared to most other plants that are shrivelled, crispy and dying.

A good year for Jersey tigers

30 Saturday Aug 2025

Posted by sconzani in insects

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British moths, climate change affecting wildlife, Euplagia quadripunctaria, Jersey tiger, Jersey tiger moth, moth

In the summers of 2018, 2019 and 2020 one of the local nature reserves near me held what seemed like a healthy population of Jersey tiger moths (Euplagia quadripunctaria), then they vanished. I don’t know why this was but several people have looked for them at the reserve in the intervening years and, though the occasional single moth has been sighted, the healthy population is no more. Away from that reserve, I would struggle to see any Jersey tigers, and saw none at all in 2021 and 2022.

So, this year, it has been an absolute delight for me to have enjoyed many, seemingly random sightings of these beautiful moths. By random, I mean that there haven’t been any large numbers concentrated in any specific location or area; instead, either I’ve spotted them lurking on trees and bushes, or my passing has disturbed them, there’s been a flash of their vibrant orange underwings as they’ve fluttered out and I’ve seen them once they’ve resettled.

And it seems my experience of seeing greater numbers of Jersey tigers this year has not been unique. This is a species that is included in Butterfly Conservation’s Big Butterfly Count, and, even before the count had ended, with 7 of the count’s 24 days remaining, that organisation had noted a ‘whopping 78%’ increase in reported Jersey tigers this year compared to last year. Butterfly Conservation’s blog post speculates that the dramatic increase was due to this summer’s record-breaking high temperatures.

As Dr Richard Fox, BC’s Head of Science is quoted as saying

The increase we’re seeing in Jersey Tiger moth sightings is a striking example of how climate change is reshaping the distribution of wildlife.
While it’s a delight to spot such a vibrant moth in gardens, parks and green spaces, it’s also a reminder of how rising temperatures are altering our natural environment.

Fungus: Cercospora depazeoides

29 Friday Aug 2025

Posted by sconzani in fungi, leaves, trees

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British fungi, Cercospora depazeoides, fungal pathogen, fungus on Elder leaves, fungus on Elder trees

Given our recent, seemingly never-ending high temperatures, I’ve been surprised to find fungi flourishing, though they’ve not been the mushroom-shaped life forms you might expect when you read the word fungi. Take today’s fungus, for example. I didn’t immediately realise these very distinctive marks on the leaves of an Elder tree (Sambucus sp.) were caused by a fungus.

These marks are caused by Cercospora depazeoides, and it seems the fungus can be quite destructive. According to the European Forest Pests website, this fungal pathogen leads to ‘premature leaf drop and reduced photosynthesis’. When the spots merge, dominating the leaf surface, they cause defoliation, which can ‘weaken the plant, impacting its growth and fruit production’. Fortunately for those who harvest the berries to make Elderberry cordial, according to iRecord, this fungus has thus far not been recorded in many locations in the UK.

Smart Magpies

28 Thursday Aug 2025

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birding, birdwatching, British birds, intelligent birds, intelligent Magpies, Magpie, smart Magpies

A pair of Magpies live in the same field as ‘my’ crows. In fact, I frequently see them perched in the tree tops when I enter the field, and they often see me before the crows do.

When the crows do notice me and fly down for food, the Magpies fly across to the nearest trees or bushes to watch and wait.

Once the crows have filled their crops and beaks with suet pellets, they fly off to cache their food under bushes, amongst clumps of long grass, and in various other hiding places.

Seizing their opportunity, the Magpies nip in to grab what they can while the crows are absent. They used to just eat what they were able to grab but they’ve obviously learnt from watching the crows and they now cache their own food. How smart is that?!

Emerald damsels

27 Wednesday Aug 2025

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British damselflies, British dragonflies, damselfly, dragonfly, Emerald damsefly, Lestes sponsa, Odonata

This is the final blog in my short series about the dragonflies I saw during last week’s rail journey up the south Welsh valleys to Maesteg. Today’s subject is the Emerald damselfly (Lestes sponsa), a species I’ve seen only twice before, in August 2017 and in September 2021. I’ve looked for them a couple of times at the 2021 location, Parc Penallta, but the small ponds there quickly dry out in hot summers and dog walkers allow their charges to splash about in them, displacing more water and polluting the water with the dogs’ chemical flea treatments. These are probably some of the reasons why the population of this damselfly species has been in steady decline since the 1990s.

Emeralds are relatively large for damselflies and rest with their wings outspread, hence their European common name, Common spreadwing. Their bodies are metallic green, though the colours of some parts of their abdomens vary depending on whether they are male or female, immature or aging. Emeralds favour shallow standing waters, like bog pools and ponds, especially when these are surrounded by tall grasses, rushes and sedges.

Keeled skimmers

26 Tuesday Aug 2025

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British dragonflies, dragonflies of heathlands, dragonflies of peat bogs, dragonfly, Keeled skimmer, male Keeled skimmers, Orthetrum coerulescens

Here’s another of the stunning dragons I saw at the ponds in Maesteg last week. And this is another species I’d only seen once before, back in 2017 on a birding day out to the Lliw Reservoirs north of Swansea.

These gorgeous dragonflies are Keeled skimmers (Orthetrum coerulescens), also known in Europe as Heathland skimmers, which gives a very clear indication of their preference for the acidic conditions of heathland waterways and the drains and ponds of peat bogs. The Maesteg ponds provide the perfect habitat for them, except perhaps for the locals who allow their dogs to swim there.

These beauties were quite easy to find when I wandered around the ponds as, according to my guide book, the males hold quite small territories, with a favourite perch from which they flit out to see off any intruders. So, once I found their perches, I was able to stand a little way off to watch their flights and grab photos once they settled again.

I only saw male Keeled skimmers during this visit to the ponds, so I’ve yet to see one of golden yellow females. These dragonflies are usually active from mid June to mid August so I may have missed seeing the females this year but I will certainly be visiting this location again next year.

Leafmines: Stigmella lemniscella

25 Monday Aug 2025

Posted by sconzani in insects, trees

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Beautiful elm dot, British leafminers, leaf-mining moth larvae, leaf-mining moths, leafmines, leafmines on Wych elm, Stigmella lemniscella

I discovered today’s new leafmines the same day as I found last week’s (Leafmines: Stigmella viscerella) and, considering how much time I spend leaf-fossicking and simply staring at trees, was also amazed I’d not noticed these very distinctive mines before.

The larvae of the moth Stigmella lemniscella munch away within the leaves of Elm trees (Ulmus species), in this case Wych elms (Ulmus glabra), and their galleries often follow the edge of the leaves, looking like a zigzag pattern. These moths are bivoltine so are active during July, and again in September – October. The adult moth is a pretty little thing – there’s a photo on the UK Moths website, which has the common name of Beautiful elm dot.