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~ a celebration of nature

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Tag Archives: British flora

Berries full to bursting

26 Sunday Nov 2017

Posted by sconzani in autumn, nature, plants, wildflowers, winter

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Tags

autumn colour, Black bryony, British flora, bryony, poisonous berries, red berries, Tamus communis, winter colour

The name ‘bryony’ is entirely appropriate for this plant as it comes from the Greek word bruein which, apparently, means ‘to be full to bursting’. However, though the berries of Black bryony (Tamus communis) are cherry-red and luscious-looking, please don’t be tempted to eat them as they are deadly poisonous.

171126 Black bryony berries (2)

There are, in fact, two plants with the bryony name in Britain, White bryony and Black, but they are not part of the same plant family. Rather surprisingly, Black bryony is the only member of the yam family to grow here but, again, don’t be tempted to eat its roots. In spring and summer, Black bryony’s long tangling vines can be found rambling over, under and through the shrubs and bushes of hedgerows and scrub-lands, and in autumn and winter, though the heart-shaped leaves brown and drop, the masses of red berries brighten up the countryside for many months.

171126 Black bryony berries (3)
171126 Black bryony berries (1)
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The winter ten

05 Sunday Nov 2017

Posted by sconzani in flowers, nature, wildflowers

≈ 10 Comments

Tags

#WildflowerHour, British flora, British wildflowers, Cardiff Bay, wildflowers

Do you know about #WildflowerHour? Its aim is to spread the love of plants – not garden plants (though, of course, they are also lovely) but the glorious flowers that grow wild in Britain’s woods and meadows, alongside tracks, beneath hedgerows, beside streams, around buildings, in cracks in pavements. The idea is to take photos of the wildflowers you see, try to identify them (but others will help if you’re not sure), then post your photos on Facebook or Twitter (with the #WildflowerHour tag) every Sunday night between 8 and 9pm.

171105 Lady's bedstraw

On 20 October the folks at WildflowerHour issued a new challenge: ‘our weekly winter challenge is #thewinter10 which is to find ten different wild flowers in bloom each week. Once you’ve found them, work out what they are, and post them for the rest of us to see.’ So, as I walked around Cardiff Bay on a grey, gloomy Friday, I kept an eye out for wild flowers. To be honest, I was amazed to find so many still in bloom (not just 10 but 24!). I have not managed to name them all but I hope you enjoy seeing them as much as I did.

171105 Bramble
171105 Buttercup
171105 Chamomile perhaps
171105 Common stork's-bill
171105 Common toadflax
171105 Creeping thistle
171105 Crown vetch
171105 Daisy
171105 Evening primrose
171105 Hare's-foot clover
171105 Hedge bindweed
171105 Herb-Robert
171105 Hoary mustard
171105 Mugwort perhaps
171105 Pale flax
171105 Red clover
171105 Sea-holly
171105 Sow-thistle
171105 Unknown
171105 Vicia sp
171105 Western gorse
171105 White campion
171105 White clover
171105 Yarrow
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Stinking Iris

30 Monday Oct 2017

Posted by sconzani in flowers, nature, wildflowers

≈ 2 Comments

Tags

British flora, British wildflowers, flower seeds, Iris, Iris foetidissima, plant seeds, Roast-beef plant, seeds, Stinking iris

I gave it a really good sniff but I smelled nothing. It was only later that I read the smell comes from the leaves, but only when you crush or rub them, which I didn’t do. And, even then, some people can’t smell the ‘slightly stale, raw beef’ smell that Stinking iris is named for. Even its scientific name, Iris foetidissima, refers to the smell, as do two of its vernacular names: Roast-beef plant and Bloody bones.

171030 Stinking iris (7)

However, I’m not here to warn about this iris’s smell nor, in fact, to extol the virtues of the plant itself, which is often a bit untidy and tatty looking, but rather to praise the beauty of its seeds. The flowers themselves are nothing to write home about, being a rather dull greyish-purple but the seeds erupt in the autumn, like bright orange peas in a papery brown pod. As the weather gets colder, if they’re not plundered as food by birds, they turn a fabulous scarlet and then, eventually, if the weather’s not too wet, dry to a rich golden brown. Just beautiful!

171030 Stinking iris (1)
171030 Stinking iris (2)
171030 Stinking iris (3)
171030 Stinking iris (4)
171030 Stinking iris (5)
171030 Stinking iris (6)
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Devil’s-bit scabious

15 Friday Sep 2017

Posted by sconzani in flowers, nature, wildflowers

≈ 3 Comments

Tags

British flora, British wildflowers, Devil's-bit scabious, scabious, Succisa pratensis

There are several species of scabious – and I love them all – but the scabious I’m seeing most in my local nature reserves is the Devil’s-bit (Succisa pratensis).

170915 devil's-bit scabious (7)

Apparently, the scabious name is due to the rough stalks of these plants and dates to times past when scabious was used to treat scabies because people believed in the ‘signature of all things’ – not Elizabeth Gilbert’s latest book but that of Jakob Böhme, who presented the idea, in 1622, that God had imprinted prescriptions for human ailments in the shapes and forms of medicinal plants – thus, rough stalk = rough skin. The ‘Devil’s-bit’ comes from the fact that this plant’s roots have a short, bitten off look.

170915 devil's-bit scabious (1)
170915 devil's-bit scabious (2)
170915 devil's-bit scabious (3)

Massed displays of Devil’s-bit scabious lend a purplish tinge to the landscape but it’s the flowers I love best. They begin as fairies’ pincushions and bloom into luscious globular gloriousness.

170915 devil's-bit scabious (4)
170915 devil's-bit scabious (5)
170915 devil's-bit scabious (6)
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Butter and eggs

08 Friday Sep 2017

Posted by sconzani in flowers, nature, wildflowers

≈ 6 Comments

Tags

British flora, British wildflowers, Bunny mouths, Butter and eggs, Common toadflax, Linaria vulgaris

It’s a pretty little thing, this Butter and eggs. There’s none of the bold bright brashness of the stark sunflower; instead, it has a mouth-watering combination of soft warm creamy butter and that bright pop of yellow of a perfectly cooked free-range egg yolk. Mmmmmmmm!

170908 Common toadflax (2)

This is Linaria vulgaris, which has the very bland and rather uninspiring name of Common toadflax. I much prefer the vernacular Butter and eggs or, indeed, its other vernacular name, Bunny mouths, which appeals instantly to the child in me and brings back memories of snapdragon flowers, which these resemble and which can be gently squeezed to make the bunny ‘talk’.

170908 Common toadflax (1)
170908 Common toadflax (3)

Linaria vulgaris beautifies waysides and waste grounds, as well as open grassy areas, flowering from late spring right through till November. Because of its bunny-shaped mouth, the flower can be difficult for insects to access – it takes a strong bee or bumblebee to make the bunny ‘talk’. And, as well as providing bees and bumbles with nectar and pollen in exchange for pollination, L. vulgaris is also a favourite food plant for several species of moth, including the Silver Y, the Toadflax pug, and the Brown rustic. Butter and eggs all round then!

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Grim the collier

06 Wednesday Sep 2017

Posted by sconzani in flowers, nature, wildflowers

≈ 5 Comments

Tags

British flora, British wildflowers, Fox and cubs, Grim the collier, orange hawkweed, Pilosella aurantiaca

Although Pilosella aurantiaca (more commonly known as Fox-and-cubs) is a native of northern Europe, it must’ve been introduced to Britain a very long time ago as it gets a mention in Gerard’s 1633 Herbal. Gerard called it Grimme the Collier, which seems to me a most intriguing name.

170906 Grim the collier (2)

I’ve read speculation that the name may have been coined because the plant’s hairs resemble coal dust on a miner’s beard (really?) but there was also a play that originated in the early 1600s called Grim the Collier of Croydon and that was apparently based on a real-life character from the mid 16th century.

170906 Grim the collier (1)

It would seem more likely that the plant’s name relates to the person or the play but, in that case, I can’t help wondering: was Grim tall with a head of bright orange hair? Was Grim an invader from northern Europe? Were these particular flowers mentioned in the play? So many questions! If you can shed any light on the collier story, please do tell.

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The everlasting thistle

18 Friday Aug 2017

Posted by sconzani in flowers, nature, wildflowers

≈ 5 Comments

Tags

British flora, British wildflowers, Carlina vulgaris, Carline thistle, Cosmeston Lakes Country Park, everlasting flower, Everlasting thistle, thistle

My new favourite flower resembles something you might find in a dried arrangement rather than a flower in full bloom but such is the look of the Carline thistle (Carlina vulgaris).

170818 Carline thistle (1)

It grows best on calcareous soils in Wales and England – they are thriving on the dry, stony grassland areas at Cosmeston Lakes Country Park. It’s spiny, as you would expect from a thistle, but is not a tall plant, probably no more than knee-height, and it sends up its spiky flower heads on solitary stems that have between 2 and 5 flowers on top.

170818 Carline thistle (2)
170818 Carline thistle (3)
170818 Carline thistle (4)

At first glance, you might think the flowers were dead but, if you look closer, you can see that they’re just like any other daisy-like flower, except for their brownish hues. When the sun touches them, they positively glow, and when the weather is cold and wet, they close up. The flowers can be seen from July through to September, after which they will dry out and often last right through the winter. I’m thinking that once they finish flowering, I might have to snaffle a couple to enjoy at home over the winter.

170818 Carline thistle (5)

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The almost inedible parsnip

11 Friday Aug 2017

Posted by sconzani in flowers, insects, nature, wildflowers

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Tags

British flora, British wildflowers, Cosmeston Lakes Country Park, parsnip, Pastinaca sativa, umbellifers, Wild parsnip, wildflowers

While we’re on the subject of wild vegetables (see yesterday’s Wild carrot post), I must mention the other umbellifer that’s currently in full bloom, the Wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa). Unlike the Wild carrot, the root of the Wild parsnip is, in fact, edible, though it’s described as hard and wiry so doesn’t sound worth the bother to me. I’ve also read that the sap of the plants can cause severe rashes and burns in some people so handling doesn’t seem advisable. And, anyway, who would want to deprive the insects of their tasty feast or spoil the glorious sight of a field of parsnip in full bloom?

 

170810 Wild parsnip (2)
170810 Wild parsnip (3)
170810 Wild parsnip (4)

The Wild parsnip is the ancestor of the cultivated parsnip, which is one of my favourite winter vegetables – roasted, in soup, stir-fried, yum! – and its culinary use probably dates from the early Middle Ages. The wild variety can be found growing, often in large groupings, on the chalky grasslands of southern England and Wales. In Cosmeston Lakes Country Park, one particular field is like a forest of yellow, some plants taller than my 168cm, and you can smell the scent of parsnips as you walk along the tracks through the field. Delicious!

170810 Wild parsnip (1)

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The inedible carrot

10 Thursday Aug 2017

Posted by sconzani in flowers, nature, wildflowers

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Tags

British flora, British wildflowers, carrot, Daucus carota, umbel, umbellifer, Wild carrot, wildflowers

I’m finally starting to get a handle on the various umbellifers to be found in this land and the progression of their flowering through the seasons. Here in Wales, one of those currently in full flower is the Wild carrot (Daucus carota).

wild carrot (1)

Its leaves smell of the edible carrot but I’ve read that the roots of this wild variety are ‘thin and wiry and bear little resemblance to the thick, orange tap-roots of the cultivated vegetable’ so that firmly rules out any foraging! I also read, in my copy of Richard Mabey’s trusty Flora Britannica, that edible carrots ‘were developed from a distinct subspecies, ssp.sativa, probably native to the Mediterranean, and brought to Britain in the 15th century’. Fascinating!

wild carrot (3)
wild carrot (4)
wild carrot (5)
wild carrot (6)
wild carrot (7)

Meanwhile, the Wild carrots continue to grow straight and about 3 feet tall in my local wild places, to the delight of the hoverflies, sawflies, soldier beetles and other assorted insects that seem particularly to enjoy them. They have quite distinctive feathery leaves and often, but not always, a very tiny pinkish-red flower in the exact centre of their umbel. Also, when they’ve finished flowering, the umbels contract to a nest-like shape, which is why one of their common names is Bird’s-nest.

wild carrot (2)

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A triumph of nature

28 Friday Jul 2017

Posted by sconzani in flowers, nature, parks, wildflowers

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Tags

British flora, British native orchids, British orchids, Broad-leaved helleborine, Epipactis helleborine, orchid, terrestrial orchid

These Broad-leaved helleborines (Epipactis helleborine) are a little past their best but I just had to post about them, partly because I love all of Britain’s native orchids and partly because these are survivors. You would usually find these terrestrial orchids growing in clearings or along path edges in forests and woodlands but these particular plants are growing on the edges of a former rubbish tip, now urban park, in Cardiff. Despite humans dumping thousands of tons of rubbish on their habitat, then covering that over with imported rocks and soil, laying tarmac paths and planting cultivated plants like cotoneaster, these helleborines have somehow survived. The idea of that made my day!

170728 Broad-leaved helleborine (6)
170728 Broad-leaved helleborine (4)
170728 Broad-leaved helleborine (1)
170728 Broad-leaved helleborine (2)
170728 Broad-leaved helleborine (5)
170728 Broad-leaved helleborine (7)
170728 Broad-leaved helleborine (3)
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About me

sconzani

sconzani

I'm a writer and photographer; researcher and blogger; birder and nature lover; countryside rambler and city strider; volunteer and biodiversity recorder.

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